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Therefore VEGF and its receptors are expressed in
2023-08-16
Therefore, VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different organs, including the kidneys, the liver and the gssg [55]. In the human placenta, VEGF is mainly synthesized by cytotrophoblast and Hofbauer cells early in the first trimester, whereas Flk-1 and Flt-1 receptors are expressed throughout t
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We provide here direct evidences that AT receptors are activ
2023-08-16
We provide here direct evidences that AT1 receptors are active in ADSCs since Ang II induces intracellular Ca mobilization in these cells. Data obtained during the observation of Ca influxes led us to the search for the ADSCs subpopulation constantly expressing AT1 receptor. ADSCs are necessary for
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br Eprosartan The AT R antagonist eprosartan is
2023-08-16
Eprosartan The AT1R antagonist eprosartan is approved for the treatment of essential g 36 synthesis and may be administered using a convenient once-daily regimen. The drug is a well-tolerated and effective antihypertensive agent with benefit in the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular events,
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retinoid x receptor br Introduction AMPA receptors AMPARs me
2023-08-16
Introduction AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate the majority of fast excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in the retinoid x receptor (Jonas, 2000). The brevity of EPSCs and rapid deactivation of AMPARs depend upon a short lifetime of synaptically released glutamate, estimated to be about 1 ms (
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In human epidermoid carcinoma A cells
2023-08-16
In human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, 12-lipoxygenase was significantly increased in glutathione-depleted cells. The relative abundance of phospholipid hydroperoxide versus glutathione peroxidase seems to play an important role in controlling the lipoxygenase reaction [57]. It has been proposed
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br Hypothesis The hypothesis is that AhR in
2023-08-16
Hypothesis The hypothesis is that AhR in skin diseases could be an objective of study for future dermatological therapies. Both stimulation and inhibition of the receptor might have significant influences on neoplastic or inflammatory skin diseases. However, at present the functions of AhR are un
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For comprehensive understanding of actin myosin
2023-08-16
For comprehensive understanding of actin-myosin XI as a control network, it will be necessary to determine the functions of all the myosin XI and 1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium salt isoforms. However, it is difficult to reveal the function of individual myosin XI isoforms because most myosin
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br LO and the secretase complex Supporting
2023-08-16
5LO and the γ-secretase complex Supporting this concept, during a recent trial testing the γ-secretase inhibitor semagacestat (LY 450139), AD patients actually experienced a functional decline compared to patients who took a placebo in addition to several other significant adverse effects (Doody
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The tumor suppressor function of LOX in normal prostate epit
2023-08-16
The tumor-suppressor function of 15-LOX-2 in normal prostate epithelial cells may be explained by the induction of replicative senescence [14,15]. Thus, 15-LOX-2 is overexpressed in age-dependent prostatic hyperplasia, but cell senescence may hinder progression to malignant transformation. Notwithst
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TH588 Introduction Heterotrimeric G proteins mediate signal
2023-08-15
Introduction Heterotrimeric Gαβγ proteins mediate signal transduction through seven-transmembrane domain receptors. In response to neurotransmitters or hormones, activated receptors bind GTP via the Gα subunit leading to the dissociation of Gα from the Gβγ dimer. G proteins regulate the levels of s
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For the derivatives a c
2023-08-15
For the derivatives 3a–3c, another likely explanation for antifungal properties is that polymers bearing primary amine groups and secondary phosphoryl groups formed, enhancing complexation with the phosphate groups, and the complexes are amphiphilic (Palermo, Lee, Ramamoorthy, & Kuroda, 2011). The a
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br HIF Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important
2023-08-15
HIF-α Signaling in AA Therapy Resistance An important result emerging from Phase 3 clinical trials testing AA therapies is improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) that is not accompanied by enhanced overall survival (OS) [26]. This dichotomy has been attributed to mechanisms of acquired re
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Unlike in humans hepatic expression of FGF
2023-08-15
Unlike in humans, hepatic expression of FGF21 increases in mice consuming KD and is a necessary mediator of the physiologic adaptations to the diet. FGF21 knockout (KO) mice gain, rather than lose weight on the diet [6]. FGF21 also activates BAT in part by increasing SNS drive [3,7]. In addition, th
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Adiponectin also suppresses inflammatory stimuli induced NF
2023-08-15
Adiponectin also suppresses inflammatory stimuli-induced NF-kappaB activation, which may significantly contribute to the anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects of adiponectin (Ouchi et al., 2000). The downstream mediators of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, RPPAR and AMPK increase inflammatory responses by
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In the late s Solvay
2023-08-15
In the late ‘90s, Solvay Pharmaceuticals discontinued the Phase 2 development of a promising potent and highly selective A1AR antagonist based on the pyrrolopyrimidine scaffold, SLV320 [43] (2, Chart 1, also named derenofylline; Ki hA1AR = 1 nM), for the treatment of acute heart failure [24]. In the
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