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Cortisol is a natural glucocorticoid hormone produced
2022-06-23
Cortisol is a natural glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. Its secretion is stimulated by the sympathetic nervous system, and its main function is to mobilize energy to protect the homeostasis of vital biochemical processes during physical and psychological stress [14]. Chronic lev
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Glutamate activates cationic glutamate gated channels i e io
2022-06-23
Glutamate activates cationic glutamate-gated channels (i.e. ionotropic glutamate receptors) that mediate the fast excitatory actions of glutamate. It also activate G protein-coupled receptors, named metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) (Pin and Bettler, 2016). The eight subtypes of mGluRs are k
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Active compounds and were further tested and
2022-06-23
Active compounds , , and were further tested and EC and pEC values were determined as shown in . Compound showed EC of 0.97μM (pEC 6.01) with 84.5% maximal response, which suggests that introduction of alkyl chain on aromatic nucleus of , resulted in improved GPR40 agonistic activity than that of
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Although it is mainly a glial protein of total GLT
2022-06-23
Although it is mainly a glial protein, 5–10% of total GLT-1 represents a neuronal form located at presynaptic terminals, but its physiological role remains elusive (for discussion, see (Rimmele and Rosenberg, 2016)). Nevertheless, this amount might be significant since GLT-1 has been estimated to be
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Introduction As per WHO report in more than million peoples
2022-06-23
Introduction As per WHO report, in 2014 more than 422 million peoples were living with diabetes and according to International Diabetes Federation, by 2045 this figure would reach 693 million [1,2]. Diabetes, a fast growing major health problem, is common chronic, metabolic disease characterized by
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Importance of glucokinase in glucose homeostasis
2022-06-23
Importance of glucokinase in glucose homeostasis and a possibility to change its activity using the activators define the scientific interest in the development of new allosteric activators of GK (Liu et al., 2012, Pfefferkorn et al., 2011, Waring et al., 2013, Behera et al., 2015). Activation of gl
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Given the proposed importance of conformational
2022-06-23
Given the proposed importance of conformational dynamics to GCK's allosteric regulation, a number of biophysical methods have been utilized to probe the enzyme's dynamic structural landscape. Investigations into the mechanism of ZM 306416 binding, using changes in the enzyme's intrinsic fluorescence
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br Acknowledgments br Introduction Postmenopausal osteoporos
2022-06-23
Acknowledgments Introduction Postmenopausal osteoporosis, which is primarily caused by Lovastatin deficiency, has been a worldwide health problem and threatens postmenopausal women of all races. An estimated 80% of osteoporosis patients in the United States are women, and approximately 30% of
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Another key component of proper
2022-06-22
Another key component of proper DA cell physiology is the basal firing activity of SN DA neurons, which maintains extracellular levels of dopamine in the dorsal striatum that are essential for voluntary movement [106]. Changes in SN DA neuron activity directly impacts the amount of dopamine released
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While the apparent complexity of gap junction regulation
2022-06-22
While the apparent complexity of gap junction regulation presents challenges, new technologies continue to propel the field forward. Advances in microscopy are increasingly able to capture rapid dynamics at the plasma membrane (e.g., biosensors [67] and lattice light sheet microscopy [100]) and to d
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95 9 br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgment br Introduct
2022-06-22
Conflicts of interest Acknowledgment Introduction The 95 9 growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are a family members of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that represent attractive therapeutic targets for anti-cancer therapy gaining more and more attention in recent years [1], [2]. This family memb
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In the FARM motifs of GGPPSs hydrophobic amino
2022-06-22
In the FARM motifs of GGPPSs, hydrophobic Tirofiban are replaced by aliphatic amino acids, which are more flexible residues and allow the entrance of longer substrates into the pocket (Wang and Ohnuma, 2000). It has been reported that the lepidopteran Manduca sexta CA possesses GGPP synthase (GGPPS
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Reutericyclin receptor The multiple sequence analysis showed
2022-06-22
The multiple sequence analysis showed that the putative amino Reutericyclin receptor sequence of HbFDP had 80–99% identity to the FDPs from H. brasiliensis, Lupinus and T. wilfordii, Malus×domestica, Centella asiatica, M. sativa, M.recutita, accession H. annuus, and A. thaliana. The present results
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br Heme and the HO
2022-06-22
Heme and the HO system Heme, a complex of iron and protoporphyrin IX, has versatile functions, which are critical for the survival of all aerobic organisms including mammalians and bacteria [9]. The central iron in heme facilitates six ligand binding sites [10], four of which are occupied by nitr
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Some data also suggested that
2022-06-22
Some data also suggested that CCR5Δ32 could influence the progression of HCV-related liver diseases (Goulding et al., 2005; Hellier et al., 2003; Wald et al., 2004). However, after stratifying HCV+ individuals according to clinical/histological criteria, no association of CCR5Δ32 with these HCV-rela
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