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Expression of EBI and its function for
2020-12-12
Expression of EBI2 and its function for migration in vitro in T cells was recently reported (Chalmin et al., 2015, Hannedouche et al., 2011, Liu et al., 2011, Pereira et al., 2009). Pereira et al. (2009) used an EBI2 reporter mouse and found that most CD4+ T cells, but only approximately half of the
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To analyze EBI expression and its function in
2020-12-12
To analyze EBI2 expression and its function in T cells in vivo, we created an EGFP reporter/knockout mouse strain, termed EBI2EGFP. This mouse strain in heterozygous configuration allows for a systematic analysis of the expression of EBI2 in distinct cell types in steady-state and under inflammatory
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The human MARCH family comprises eleven members termed MARCH
2020-12-12
The human MARCH family comprises eleven members (termed MARCH-1 to 11), of which nine are transmembrane proteins. In this review, we focus on the role of the membrane-spanning MARCH proteins and how their transmembrane regions can mediate interactions with their target proteins. Therefore, the cytos
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Modulating protein stability specifically inhibiting ubiquit
2020-12-12
Modulating protein stability, specifically inhibiting ubiquitin E3 ligases, provides potential advantages over other druggable targets given the presence of biochemically multiple, unique pharmacophores within complexes that can bind a variety of small molecules [12]. The FBXO3 inhibitors used here
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Canrenone These data from developing brain are in
2020-12-12
These data from developing Canrenone are in contrast to noradrenergic receptor regulation in the adult brain. In adult animals, a persistent increase in the α2-AR high affinity state is elicited as a result of DSP-4 lesion or reserpinization, as measured by [3H]clonidine binding to membrane prepara
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A spectrum of therapies came in order to counter this
2020-12-12
A spectrum of therapies came in order to counter this misfortune, some of them are discussed below. However, the common problem faced by most of these drugs is their emerging resistance after a span of time. Some of the important drugs reported so far are as: Quinine-based antimalarial drugs (Fig. 1
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The effect of NAT deletion on mitochondrial function in
2020-12-12
The effect of NAT1 deletion on mitochondrial function in MDA-MB-231 Busulfan has been reported elsewhere (Carlisle et al., 2018). However, unlike the data presented here, increases in reserve capacity and glycolytic reserve were seen. The reasons for this variance between our study and that of Carl
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The present study provides the first evidence that the human
2020-12-12
The present study provides the first evidence that the human uroepithelial BLU9931 in vitro respond directly, within 48h, to this carcinogen by promoting extensive vacuolation and DAPK expression. By using the TEM, ICC and Western blotting, we found that the arsenite-induced vacuoles were derived f
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In LPS treated BV cells we
2020-12-12
In LPS-treated BV-2 cells, we found that the upregulated CysLT2R was translocated into the nucleus. The nuclear localization of CysLT2Rs in microglia has not been reported previously. It is known that CysLT1Rs in endothelial Pefloxacin translocated to the nucleus in a ligand-independent manner afte
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For human health risk assessment of chemicals a default unce
2020-12-11
For human health risk assessment of chemicals, a default uncertainty factor (UF) of 3.16 is used to capture inter individual variation in toxicokinetics (Dorne and Renwick, 2005). However, the scientific background for this default UF remains unsatisfactory., Several studies have reported that a fac
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Some studies have demonstrated that BMSCs can provide
2020-12-11
Some studies have demonstrated that BMSCs can provide several trophic and growth factors that play important roles in cell survival, angiogenesis, and BMSC differentiation, but not cell replacement (Peled et al., 1999, Shen et al., 2007, Ji et al., 2004). This paracrine effect of BMSCs is a potentia
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The objective of the present
2020-12-11
The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of the CRF system in the neuroadaptations associated with nicotine dependence. To this aim, the regulation of the gene expression of CRF and its receptors was assessed in 28170 regions belonging to the reward pathway using a model of ni
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The enzyme cyclooxygenase COX or
2020-12-11
The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is the key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic GDC-0879 (AA) into prostaglandins (PGs) [1]. In 1991, researchers found that there were two isoforms of this enzyme called COX-1 and COX-2 with independent genes and di
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Where does this transfer process occur The maternal
2020-12-11
Where does this transfer process occur? The maternal side of the placenta is textured and spongy looking. The surface has 20–30 distinctive compartments named cotyledons, inside of which are the chorionic villi that form the principal functional structural unit of the placenta. These villi are compl
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Another important consideration with respect to
2020-12-11
Another important consideration with respect to drug conditioning suggested by the present findings is the observation of an attenuated FAK Inhibitor 14 on the second extinction trial. Seemingly, if ERK measurements were made following a partial reduction in the conditioned response the ERK response
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